Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Keywords:
Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it will be # overwritten during package upgrades. If you want to customize, the # best way is to create a file "/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service", # containing # .include /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service # ...make your changes here... # or create a file "/etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/foo.conf", # which doesn't need to include ".include" call and which will be parsed # after the file mariadb.service itself is parsed. # # For more info about custom unit files, see systemd.unit(5) or # https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/systemd/ # # Copyright notice: # # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. [Unit] Description=MariaDB 10.5.26 database server Documentation=man:mariadbd(8) Documentation=https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/ After=network.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] ############################################################################## ## Core requirements ## Type=notify # Setting this to true can break replication and the Type=notify settings # See also bind-address mariadbd option. PrivateNetwork=false ############################################################################## ## Package maintainers ## User=mysql Group=mysql # CAP_IPC_LOCK To allow memlock to be used as non-root user # CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE To allow auth_pam_tool (which is SUID root) to read /etc/shadow when it's chmod 0 # does nothing for non-root, not needed if /etc/shadow is u+r # CAP_AUDIT_WRITE auth_pam_tool needs it on Debian for whatever reason AmbientCapabilities=CAP_IPC_LOCK CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE CAP_AUDIT_WRITE # PrivateDevices=true implies NoNewPrivileges=true and # SUID auth_pam_tool suddenly doesn't do setuid anymore PrivateDevices=false # Prevent writes to /usr, /boot, and /etc ProtectSystem=full # Doesn't yet work properly with SELinux enabled # NoNewPrivileges=true # Prevent accessing /home, /root and /run/user ProtectHome=true # Execute pre and post scripts as root, otherwise it does it as User= PermissionsStartOnly=true ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/install -m 755 -o mysql -g root -d /var/run/mysqld # Perform automatic wsrep recovery. When server is started without wsrep, # galera_recovery simply returns an empty string. In any case, however, # the script is not expected to return with a non-zero status. # It is always safe to unset _WSREP_START_POSITION environment variable. # Do not panic if galera_recovery script is not available. (MDEV-10538) ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c "systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION" ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c "[ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= || \ VAR=`/usr/bin/galera_recovery`; [ $? -eq 0 ] \ && systemctl set-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION=$VAR || exit 1" # Needed to create system tables etc. # ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql_install_db -u mysql # Start main service # MYSQLD_OPTS here is for users to set in /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/MY_SPECIAL.conf # Use the [Service] section and Environment="MYSQLD_OPTS=...". # This isn't a replacement for my.cnf. # _WSREP_NEW_CLUSTER is for the exclusive use of the script galera_new_cluster ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mariadbd $MYSQLD_OPTS $_WSREP_NEW_CLUSTER $_WSREP_START_POSITION # Unset _WSREP_START_POSITION environment variable. ExecStartPost=/bin/sh -c "systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION" ExecStartPost=/etc/mysql/debian-start KillSignal=SIGTERM # Don't want to see an automated SIGKILL ever SendSIGKILL=no # Restart crashed server only, on-failure would also restart, for example, when # my.cnf contains unknown option Restart=on-abort RestartSec=5s UMask=007 ############################################################################## ## USERs can override ## ## ## by creating a file in /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d/MY_SPECIAL.conf ## and adding/setting the following under [Service] will override this file's ## settings. # Useful options not previously available in [mysqld_safe] # Kernels like killing mariadbd when out of memory because its big. # Lets temper that preference a little. # OOMScoreAdjust=-600 # Explicitly start with high IO priority # BlockIOWeight=1000 # If you don't use the /tmp directory for SELECT ... OUTFILE and # LOAD DATA INFILE you can enable PrivateTmp=true for a little more security. PrivateTmp=false # Set an explicit Start and Stop timeout of 900 seconds (15 minutes!) # this is the same value as used in SysV init scripts in the past # Galera might need a longer timeout, check the KB if you want to change this: # https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/#configuring-the-systemd-service-timeout TimeoutStartSec=900 TimeoutStopSec=900 # Set the maximium number of tasks (threads) to 99% of what the system can # handle as set by the kernel, reserve the 1% for a remote ssh connection, # some monitoring, or that backup cron job. Without the directive this would # be 15% (see DefaultTasksMax in systemd man pages). TasksMax=99% ## ## Options previously available to be set via [mysqld_safe] ## that now needs to be set by systemd config files as mysqld_safe ## isn't executed. ## # Number of files limit. previously [mysqld_safe] open-files-limit LimitNOFILE=32768 # Maximium core size. previously [mysqld_safe] core-file-size # LimitCore= # Nice priority. previously [mysqld_safe] nice # Nice=-5 # Timezone. previously [mysqld_safe] timezone # Environment="TZ=UTC" # Library substitutions. previously [mysqld_safe] malloc-lib with explicit paths # (in LD_LIBRARY_PATH) and library name (in LD_PRELOAD). # Environment="LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path1 /path2" "LD_PRELOAD= # Flush caches. previously [mysqld_safe] flush-caches=1 # ExecStartPre=sync # ExecStartPre=sysctl -q -w vm.drop_caches=3 # numa-interleave=1 equalivant # Change ExecStart=numactl --interleave=all /usr/sbin/mariadbd...... # crash-script equalivent # FailureAction=
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