Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam  Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

Nuur Mahmudah; Khairunnisa
doi:10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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<?php

/**
 * @file classes/user/UserDAO.inc.php
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Simon Fraser University
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2019 John Willinsky
 * Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
 *
 * @class UserDAO
 * @ingroup user
 * @see User
 *
 * @brief Operations for retrieving and modifying User objects.
 */

import('lib.pkp.classes.user.User');

/* These constants are used user-selectable search fields. */
define('USER_FIELD_USERID', 'user_id');
define('USER_FIELD_USERNAME', 'username');
define('USER_FIELD_EMAIL', 'email');
define('USER_FIELD_URL', 'url');
define('USER_FIELD_INTERESTS', 'interests');
define('USER_FIELD_AFFILIATION', 'affiliation');
define('USER_FIELD_NONE', null);

class UserDAO extends DAO {

	/**
	 * Construct a new User object.
	 * @return User
	 */
	function newDataObject() {
		return new User();
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user by ID.
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function getById($userId, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT * FROM users WHERE user_id = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array((int) $userId)
		);

		$user = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$user =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user by username.
	 * @param $username string
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function &getByUsername($username, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array($username)
		);

		$returner = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$returner =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user by setting.
	 * @param $settingName string
	 * @param $settingValue string
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function getBySetting($settingName, $settingValue, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT u.* FROM users u JOIN user_settings us ON (u.user_id = us.user_id) WHERE us.setting_name = ? AND us.setting_value = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND u.disabled = 0'),
			array($settingName, $settingValue)
		);

		$returner = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$returner =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the user by the TDL ID (implicit authentication).
	 * @param $authstr string
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return object User
	 */
	function &getUserByAuthStr($authstr, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT * FROM users WHERE auth_str = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array($authstr)
		);

		$returner = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$returner =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user by email address.
	 * @param $email string
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function &getUserByEmail($email, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array($email)
		);

		$returner = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$returner =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user by username and (encrypted) password.
	 * @param $username string
	 * @param $password string encrypted password
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function &getUserByCredentials($username, $password, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ? AND password = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array($username, $password)
		);

		$returner = null;
		if ($result->RecordCount() != 0) {
			$returner =& $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($result->GetRowAssoc(false));
		}
		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a list of all reviewers assigned to a submission.
	 * @param $contextId int
	 * @param $submissionId int
	 * @param $round int
	 * @return DAOResultFactory containing matching Users
	 */
	function getReviewersForSubmission($contextId, $submissionId, $round) {
		$params = array(
			(int) $contextId,
			ROLE_ID_REVIEWER,
			(int) $submissionId,
			(int) $round
		);
		$params = array_merge($this->getFetchParameters(), $params);

		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT	u.* ,
			' . $this->getFetchColumns() . '
			FROM	users u
			LEFT JOIN user_user_groups uug ON (uug.user_id = u.user_id)
			LEFT JOIN user_groups ug ON (ug.user_group_id = uug.user_group_id)
			LEFT JOIN review_assignments r ON (r.reviewer_id = u.user_id)
			' . $this->getFetchJoins() . '
			WHERE	ug.context_id = ? AND
			ug.role_id = ? AND
			r.submission_id = ? AND
			r.round = ?
			' . $this->getOrderBy(),
			$params
		);

		return new DAOResultFactory($result, $this, '_returnUserFromRowWithData');
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a list of all reviewers not assigned to the specified submission.
	 * @param $contextId int
	 * @param $submissionId int
	 * @param $reviewRound ReviewRound
	 * @param $name string
	 * @return array matching Users
	 */
	function getReviewersNotAssignedToSubmission($contextId, $submissionId, &$reviewRound, $name = '') {
		$reviewAssignmentDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('ReviewAssignmentDAO');

		$params = array(
			(int) $contextId,
			ROLE_ID_REVIEWER,
			(int) $reviewRound->getStageId(),
		);
		$params = array_merge($params, $this->getFetchParameters());
		$params[] = (int) $submissionId;
		$params[] = (int) $reviewRound->getId();
		if (!empty($name)) {
			$nameSearchJoins = 'LEFT JOIN user_settings usgs ON (u.user_id = usgs.user_id AND usgs.setting_name = \'' . IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME .'\')
				LEFT JOIN user_settings usfs ON (u.user_id = usfs.user_id AND usfs.setting_name = \'' . IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME .'\')';
			$params[] = $params[] = $params[] = $params[] = "%$name%";
		}

		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT	DISTINCT u.*,
			' . $this->getFetchColumns() .'
			FROM	users u
			JOIN user_user_groups uug ON (uug.user_id = u.user_id)
			JOIN user_groups ug ON (ug.user_group_id = uug.user_group_id AND ug.context_id = ? AND ug.role_id = ?)
			JOIN user_group_stage ugs ON (ugs.user_group_id = ug.user_group_id AND ugs.stage_id = ?)' .
			(!empty($name) ? $nameSearchJoins : '') .'
			' . $this->getFetchJoins() . '
			WHERE 0=(SELECT COUNT(r.reviewer_id)
				FROM review_assignments r
				WHERE r.submission_id = ? AND r.reviewer_id = u.user_id AND r.review_round_id = ?)' .
			(!empty($name) ?' AND (usgs.setting_value LIKE ? OR usfs.setting_value LIKE ? OR username LIKE ? OR email LIKE ?)' : '') .'
			' .$this->getOrderBy(),
			$params
		);
		return new DAOResultFactory($result, $this, '_returnUserFromRowWithData');
	}

	/**

	 * Return a user object from a DB row, including dependent data and reviewer stats.
	 * @param $row array
	 * @return User
	 */
	function _returnUserFromRowWithReviewerStats($row) {
		$user = $this->_returnUserFromRowWithData($row, false);
		$user->setData('lastAssigned', $row['last_assigned']);
		$user->setData('incompleteCount', (int) $row['incomplete_count']);
		$user->setData('completeCount', (int) $row['complete_count']);
		$user->setData('declinedCount', (int) $row['declined_count']);
		$user->setData('averageTime', (int) $row['average_time']);

		// 0 values should return null. They represent a reviewer with no ratings
		if ($row['reviewer_rating']) {
			$user->setData('reviewerRating', max(1, round($row['reviewer_rating'])));
		}

		HookRegistry::call('UserDAO::_returnUserFromRowWithReviewerStats', array(&$user, &$row));

		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Create and return a complete User object from a given row.
	 * @param $row array
	 * @param $callHook boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function &_returnUserFromRowWithData($row, $callHook = true) {
		$user =& $this->_returnUserFromRow($row, false);
		$this->getDataObjectSettings('user_settings', 'user_id', $row['user_id'], $user);

		if (isset($row['review_id'])) $user->review_id = $row['review_id'];
		HookRegistry::call('UserDAO::_returnUserFromRowWithData', array(&$user, &$row));

		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to return a User object from a row.
	 * @param $row array
	 * @param $callHook boolean
	 * @return User
	 */
	function &_returnUserFromRow($row, $callHook = true) {
		$user = $this->newDataObject();
		$user->setId($row['user_id']);
		$user->setUsername($row['username']);
		$user->setPassword($row['password']);
		$user->setEmail($row['email']);
		$user->setUrl($row['url']);
		$user->setPhone($row['phone']);
		$user->setMailingAddress($row['mailing_address']);
		$user->setBillingAddress($row['billing_address']);
		$user->setCountry($row['country']);
		$user->setLocales(isset($row['locales']) && !empty($row['locales']) ? explode(':', $row['locales']) : array());
		$user->setDateLastEmail($this->datetimeFromDB($row['date_last_email']));
		$user->setDateRegistered($this->datetimeFromDB($row['date_registered']));
		$user->setDateValidated($this->datetimeFromDB($row['date_validated']));
		$user->setDateLastLogin($this->datetimeFromDB($row['date_last_login']));
		$user->setMustChangePassword($row['must_change_password']);
		$user->setDisabled($row['disabled']);
		$user->setDisabledReason($row['disabled_reason']);
		$user->setAuthId($row['auth_id']);
		$user->setAuthStr($row['auth_str']);
		$user->setInlineHelp($row['inline_help']);
		$user->setGossip($row['gossip']);

		if ($callHook) HookRegistry::call('UserDAO::_returnUserFromRow', array(&$user, &$row));

		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Insert a new user.
	 * @param $user User
	 */
	function insertObject($user) {
		if ($user->getDateRegistered() == null) {
			$user->setDateRegistered(Core::getCurrentDate());
		}
		if ($user->getDateLastLogin() == null) {
			$user->setDateLastLogin(Core::getCurrentDate());
		}
		$this->update(
			sprintf('INSERT INTO users
				(username, password, email, url, phone, mailing_address, billing_address, country, locales, date_last_email, date_registered, date_validated, date_last_login, must_change_password, disabled, disabled_reason, auth_id, auth_str, inline_help, gossip)
				VALUES
				(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, %s, %s, %s, %s, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
				$this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateLastEmail()), $this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateRegistered()), $this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateValidated()), $this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateLastLogin())),
			array(
				$user->getUsername(),
				$user->getPassword(),
				$user->getEmail(),
				$user->getUrl(),
				$user->getPhone(),
				$user->getMailingAddress(),
				$user->getBillingAddress(),
				$user->getCountry(),
				join(':', $user->getLocales()),
				$user->getMustChangePassword() ? 1 : 0,
				$user->getDisabled() ? 1 : 0,
				$user->getDisabledReason(),
				$user->getAuthId()=='' ? null : (int) $user->getAuthId(),
				$user->getAuthStr(),
				(int) $user->getInlineHelp(),
				$user->getGossip(),
			)
		);

		$user->setId($this->getInsertId());
		$this->updateLocaleFields($user);
		return $user->getId();
	}

	/**
	 * @copydoc DAO::getLocaleFieldNames
	 */
	function getLocaleFieldNames() {
		return array('biography', 'signature', 'affiliation',
			IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME, 'preferredPublicName');
	}

	/**
	 * @copydoc DAO::getAdditionalFieldNames()
	 */
	function getAdditionalFieldNames() {
		return array_merge(parent::getAdditionalFieldNames(), array(
			'orcid',
			'apiKey',
			'apiKeyEnabled',
		));
	}

	/**
	 * @copydoc DAO::updateLocaleFields
	 */
	function updateLocaleFields($user) {
		$this->updateDataObjectSettings('user_settings', $user, array(
			'user_id' => (int) $user->getId()
		));
	}

	/**
	 * Update an existing user.
	 * @param $user User
	 */
	function updateObject($user) {
		if ($user->getDateLastLogin() == null) {
			$user->setDateLastLogin(Core::getCurrentDate());
		}

		$this->updateLocaleFields($user);

		return $this->update(
			sprintf('UPDATE	users
				SET	username = ?,
					password = ?,
					email = ?,
					url = ?,
					phone = ?,
					mailing_address = ?,
					billing_address = ?,
					country = ?,
					locales = ?,
					date_last_email = %s,
					date_validated = %s,
					date_last_login = %s,
					must_change_password = ?,
					disabled = ?,
					disabled_reason = ?,
					auth_id = ?,
					auth_str = ?,
					inline_help = ?,
					gossip = ?
				WHERE	user_id = ?',
				$this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateLastEmail()), $this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateValidated()), $this->datetimeToDB($user->getDateLastLogin())),
			array(
				$user->getUsername(),
				$user->getPassword(),
				$user->getEmail(),
				$user->getUrl(),
				$user->getPhone(),
				$user->getMailingAddress(),
				$user->getBillingAddress(),
				$user->getCountry(),
				join(':', $user->getLocales()),
				$user->getMustChangePassword() ? 1 : 0,
				$user->getDisabled() ? 1 : 0,
				$user->getDisabledReason(),
				$user->getAuthId()=='' ? null : (int) $user->getAuthId(),
				$user->getAuthStr(),
				(int) $user->getInlineHelp(),
				$user->getGossip(),
				(int) $user->getId(),
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Delete a user.
	 * @param $user User
	 */
	function deleteObject($user) {
		return $this->deleteUserById($user->getId());
	}

	/**
	 * Delete a user by ID.
	 * @param $userId int
	 */
	function deleteUserById($userId) {
		$this->update('DELETE FROM user_settings WHERE user_id = ?', array((int) $userId));
		return $this->update('DELETE FROM users WHERE user_id = ?', array((int) $userId));
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user's name.
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return string|null
	 */
	function getUserFullName($userId, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$user = $this->getById($userId, $allowDisabled);
		if ($user) return $user->getFullName();
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a user's email address.
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return string
	 */
	function getUserEmail($userId, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT email FROM users WHERE user_id = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array((int) $userId)
		);

		if($result->RecordCount() == 0) {
			$returner = false;
		} else {
			$returner = $result->fields[0];
		}

		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve an array of users with no role defined.
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @param $dbResultRange object The desired range of results to return
	 * @return DAOResultFactory
	 */
	function getUsersWithNoRole($allowDisabled = true, $dbResultRange = null) {
		$sql = 'SELECT u.*,
			' . $this->getFetchColumns() . '
			FROM users u
			' . $this->getFetchJoins() . '
			LEFT JOIN roles r ON u.user_id=r.user_id
			WHERE r.role_id IS NULL';

		$orderSql = $this->getOrderBy(); // FIXME Add "sort field" parameter?
		$params = $this->getFetchParameters();
		$result = $this->retrieveRange($sql . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND u.disabled = 0') . $orderSql, $params, $dbResultRange);

		return new DAOResultFactory($result, $this, '_returnUserFromRowWithData');
	}

	/**
	 * Check if a user exists with the specified user ID.
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	function userExistsById($userId, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE user_id = ?' . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			array((int) $userId)
		);
		$returner = isset($result->fields[0]) && $result->fields[0] != 0 ? true : false;

		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Check if a user exists with the specified username.
	 * @param $username string
	 * @param $userId int optional, ignore matches with this user ID
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	function userExistsByUsername($username, $userId = null, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE username = ?' . (isset($userId) ? ' AND user_id != ?' : '') . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			isset($userId) ? array($username, (int) $userId) : array($username)
		);
		$returner = isset($result->fields[0]) && $result->fields[0] == 1 ? true : false;

		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Check if a user exists with the specified email address.
	 * @param $email string
	 * @param $userId int optional, ignore matches with this user ID
	 * @param $allowDisabled boolean
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	function userExistsByEmail($email, $userId = null, $allowDisabled = true) {
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE email = ?' . (isset($userId) ? ' AND user_id != ?' : '') . ($allowDisabled?'':' AND disabled = 0'),
			isset($userId) ? array($email, (int) $userId) : array($email)
		);
		$returner = isset($result->fields[0]) && $result->fields[0] == 1 ? true : false;

		$result->Close();
		return $returner;
	}

	/**
	 * Update user names when the site primary locale changes.
	 * @param $oldLocale string
	 * @param $newLocale string
	 */
	function changeSitePrimaryLocale($oldLocale, $newLocale) {
		// remove all empty user names in the new locale
		// so that we do not have to take care if we should insert or update them -- we can then only insert them if needed
		$settingNames = array(IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME, 'preferredPublicName');
		foreach ($settingNames as $settingName) {
			$params = array($newLocale, $settingName);
			$this->update(
				"DELETE from user_settings
				WHERE locale = ? AND setting_name = ? AND setting_value = ''",
				$params
			);
		}
		// get all names of all users in the new locale
		$params = array($newLocale, IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, $newLocale, IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME, $newLocale, 'preferredPublicName');
		$result = $this->retrieve(
			"SELECT DISTINCT us.user_id, usg.setting_value AS given_name, usf.setting_value AS family_name, usp.setting_value AS preferred_public_name
			FROM user_settings us
				LEFT JOIN user_settings usg ON (usg.user_id = us.user_id AND usg.locale = ? AND usg.setting_name = ?)
				LEFT JOIN user_settings usf ON (usf.user_id = us.user_id AND usf.locale = ? AND usf.setting_name = ?)
				LEFT JOIN user_settings usp ON (usp.user_id = us.user_id AND usp.locale = ? AND usp.setting_name = ?)",
			$params
		);
		while (!$result->EOF) {
			$row = $result->GetRowAssoc(false);
			$userId = $row['user_id'];
			if (empty($row['given_name']) && empty($row['family_name']) && empty($row['preferred_public_name'])) {
				// if no user name exists in the new locale, insert them all
				foreach ($settingNames as $settingName) {
					$params = array($newLocale, $settingName, $settingName, $oldLocale, $userId);
					$this->update(
						"INSERT INTO user_settings (user_id, locale, setting_name, setting_value, setting_type)
						SELECT DISTINCT us.user_id, ?, ?, us.setting_value, 'string'
						FROM user_settings us
						WHERE us.setting_name = ? AND us.locale = ? AND us.user_id = ?",
						$params
					);
				}
			} elseif (empty($row['given_name'])) {
				// if the given name does not exist in the new locale (but one of the other names do exist), insert it
				$params = array($newLocale, IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, $oldLocale, $userId);
				$this->update(
					"INSERT INTO user_settings (user_id, locale, setting_name, setting_value, setting_type)
					SELECT DISTINCT us.user_id, ?, ?, us.setting_value, 'string'
					FROM user_settings us
					WHERE us.setting_name = ? AND us.locale = ? AND us.user_id = ?",
					$params
				 );
			}
			$result->MoveNext();
		}
		$result->Close();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the ID of the last inserted user.
	 * @return int
	 */
	function getInsertId() {
		return $this->_getInsertId('users', 'user_id');
	}

	/**
	 * Return a list of extra parameters to bind to the user fetch queries.
	 * @return array
	 */
	function getFetchParameters() {
		$locale = AppLocale::getLocale();
		// the users register for the site, thus
		// the site primary locale should be the default locale
		$site = Application::getRequest()->getSite();
		$primaryLocale = $site->getPrimaryLocale();
		return array(
			IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, $locale,
			IDENTITY_SETTING_GIVENNAME, $primaryLocale,
			IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME, $locale,
			IDENTITY_SETTING_FAMILYNAME, $primaryLocale,
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Return a SQL snippet of extra columns to fetch during user fetch queries.
	 * @return string
	 */
	function getFetchColumns() {
		return 'COALESCE(ugl.setting_value, ugpl.setting_value) AS user_given,
			CASE WHEN ugl.setting_value <> \'\' THEN ufl.setting_value ELSE ufpl.setting_value END AS user_family';
	}

	/**
	 * Return a SQL snippet of extra joins to include during user fetch queries.
	 * @return string
	 */
	function getFetchJoins() {
		return 'LEFT JOIN user_settings ugl ON (u.user_id = ugl.user_id AND ugl.setting_name = ? AND ugl.locale = ?)
			LEFT JOIN user_settings ugpl ON (u.user_id = ugpl.user_id AND ugpl.setting_name = ? AND ugpl.locale = ?)
			LEFT JOIN user_settings ufl ON (u.user_id = ufl.user_id AND ufl.setting_name = ? AND ufl.locale = ?)
			LEFT JOIN user_settings ufpl ON (u.user_id = ufpl.user_id AND ufpl.setting_name = ? AND ufpl.locale = ?)';
	}

	/**
	 * Return a default sorting.
	 * @return string
	 */
	function getOrderBy() {
		return 'ORDER BY user_family, user_given';
	}

}
Youez - 2016 - github.com/yon3zu
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