Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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<?php
/**
* @file classes/user/InterestManager.inc.php
*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Simon Fraser University
* Copyright (c) 2000-2019 John Willinsky
* Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
*
* @class InterestManager
* @ingroup user
* @see InterestDAO
* @brief Handle user interest functions.
*/
class InterestManager {
/**
* Constructor.
*/
function __construct() {
}
/**
* Get all interests for all users in the system
* @param $filter string
* @return array
*/
function getAllInterests($filter = null) {
$interestDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('InterestDAO'); /* @var $interestDao InterestDAO */
$interests = $interestDao->getAllInterests($filter);
$interestReturner = array();
while($interest = $interests->next()) {
$interestReturner[] = $interest->getInterest();
}
return $interestReturner;
}
/**
* Get user reviewing interests. (Cached in memory for batch fetches.)
* @param $user User
* @return array
*/
function getInterestsForUser($user) {
static $interestsCache = array();
$interests = array();
$interestDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('InterestDAO');
$interestEntryDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('InterestEntryDAO');
$controlledVocab = $interestDao->build();
foreach($interestDao->getUserInterestIds($user->getId()) as $interestEntryId) {
if (!isset($interestsCache[$interestEntryId])) {
$interestsCache[$interestEntryId] = $interestEntryDao->getById(
$interestEntryId,
$controlledVocab->getId()
);
}
if (isset($interestsCache[$interestEntryId])) {
$interests[] = $interestsCache[$interestEntryId]->getInterest();
}
}
return $interests;
}
/**
* Returns a comma separated string of a user's interests
* @param $user User
* @return string
*/
function getInterestsString($user) {
$interests = $this->getInterestsForUser($user);
return implode(', ', $interests);
}
/**
* Set a user's interests
* @param $user User
* @param $interests mixed
*/
function setInterestsForUser($user, $interests) {
$interestDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('InterestDAO');
$interests = is_array($interests) ? $interests : (empty($interests) ? null : explode(",", $interests));
$interestDao->setUserInterests($interests, $user->getId());
}
}
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