Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Keywords:
Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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<?php
/**
* @defgroup payment Payment
* Payment handling and processing code.
*/
/**
* @file classes/payment/Payment.inc.php
*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Simon Fraser University
* Copyright (c) 2000-2019 John Willinsky
* Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
*
* @class Payment
* @ingroup payment
*
* @brief Abstract class for payments.
*
*/
/** DOES NOT inherit from DataObject for the sake of concise serialization */
class Payment {
/** @var int payment id */
var $paymentId;
/** @var int Context ID */
var $contextId;
/** @var numeric amount of payment in $currencyCode units */
var $amount;
/** @var string ISO 4217 alpha currency code */
var $currencyCode;
/** @var int user ID of customer making payment */
var $userId;
/** @var int association ID for payment */
var $assocId;
/** @var int PAYMENT_TYPE_... */
var $_type;
/**
* Constructor
* @param $amount number
* @param $currencyCode string
* @param $userId int
* @param $assocId int optional
*/
function __construct($amount = null, $currencyCode = null, $userId = null, $assocId = null) {
$this->amount = $amount;
$this->currencyCode = $currencyCode;
$this->userId = $userId;
$this->assocId = $assocId;
}
/**
* Get the row id of the payment.
* @return int
*/
function getId() {
return $this->paymentId;
}
/**
* Set the id of payment
* @param $paymentId int
* @return int new payment id
*/
function setId($paymentId) {
return $this->paymentId = $paymentId;
}
/**
* Set the payment amount
* @param $amount numeric
* @return numeric new amount
*/
function setAmount($amount) {
return $this->amount = $amount;
}
/**
* Get the payment amount
* @return numeric
*/
function getAmount() {
return $this->amount;
}
/**
* Set the currency code for the transaction (ISO 4217)
* @param $currencyCode string
* @return string new currency code
*/
function setCurrencyCode($currencyCode) {
return $this->currencyCode = $currencyCode;
}
/**
* Get the currency code for the transaction (ISO 4217)
* @return string
*/
function getCurrencyCode() {
return $this->currencyCode;
}
/**
* Get the context ID for the payment.
* @return int
*/
function getContextId() {
return $this->contextId;
}
/**
* Set the context ID for the payment.
* @param $contextId int
*/
function setContextId($contextId) {
$this->contextId = $contextId;
}
/**
* Set the type for this payment (PAYMENT_TYPE_...)
* @param $type int PAYMENT_TYPE_...
* @return int New payment type
*/
function setType($type) {
return $this->type = $type;
}
/**
* Get the type of this payment (PAYMENT_TYPE_...)
* @return int PAYMENT_TYPE_...
*/
function getType() {
return $this->type;
}
/**
* Set the user ID of the customer.
* @param $userId int
* @return int New user ID
*/
function setUserId($userId) {
return $this->userId = $userId;
}
/**
* Get the user ID of the customer.
* @return int
*/
function getUserId() {
return $this->userId;
}
/**
* Set the association ID for the payment.
* @param $assocId int
* @return int New association ID
*/
function setAssocId($assocId) {
return $this->assocId = $assocId;
}
/**
* Get the association ID for the payment.
* @return int
*/
function getAssocId() {
return $this->assocId;
}
}
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