Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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Current File : /home/bilfatvps/html/journal.stitaf.ac.id/lib/pkp/classes/file/TemporaryFileManager.inc.php
<?php

/**
 * @file classes/file/TemporaryFileManager.inc.php
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Simon Fraser University
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2019 John Willinsky
 * Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
 *
 * @class PKPTemporaryFileManager
 * @ingroup file
 * @see TemporaryFileDAO
 *
 * @brief Class defining operations for temporary file management.
 */

import('lib.pkp.classes.file.PrivateFileManager');

class TemporaryFileManager extends PrivateFileManager {
	/**
	 * Constructor
	 */
	function __construct() {
		parent::__construct();

		$this->_performPeriodicCleanup();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the base path for temporary file storage.
	 * @return string
	 */
	function getBasePath() {
		return parent::getBasePath() . '/temp/';
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve file information by file ID.
	 * @return TemporaryFile
	 */
	function getFile($fileId, $userId) {
		$temporaryFileDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('TemporaryFileDAO');
		return $temporaryFileDao->getTemporaryFile($fileId, $userId);
	}

	/**
	 * Delete a file by ID.
	 * @param $fileId int
	 */
	function deleteById($fileId, $userId) {
		$temporaryFile = $this->getFile($fileId, $userId);

		parent::deleteByPath($this->getBasePath() . $temporaryFile->getServerFileName());

		$temporaryFileDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('TemporaryFileDAO');
		$temporaryFileDao->deleteTemporaryFileById($fileId, $userId);
	}

	/**
	 * Download a file.
	 * @param $fileId int the file id of the file to download
	 * @param $inline print file as inline instead of attachment, optional
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	function downloadById($fileId, $userId, $inline = false) {
		$temporaryFile = $this->getFile($fileId, $userId);
		if (isset($temporaryFile)) {
			$filePath = $this->getBasePath() . $temporaryFile->getServerFileName();
			return parent::downloadByPath($filePath, null, $inline);
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Upload the file and add it to the database.
	 * @param $fileName string index into the $_FILES array
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @return object The new TemporaryFile or false on failure
	 */
	function handleUpload($fileName, $userId) {
		// Get the file extension, then rename the file.
		$fileExtension = $this->parseFileExtension($this->getUploadedFileName($fileName));

		if (!$this->fileExists($this->getBasePath(), 'dir')) {
			// Try to create destination directory
			$this->mkdirtree($this->getBasePath());
		}

		$newFileName = basename(tempnam($this->getBasePath(), $fileExtension));
		if (!$newFileName) return false;

		if ($this->uploadFile($fileName, $this->getBasePath() . $newFileName)) {
			$temporaryFileDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('TemporaryFileDAO');
			$temporaryFile = $temporaryFileDao->newDataObject();

			$temporaryFile->setUserId($userId);
			$temporaryFile->setServerFileName($newFileName);
			$exploded = explode('.', $_FILES[$fileName]['name']);
			$temporaryFile->setFileType(PKPString::mime_content_type($this->getBasePath() . $newFileName, array_pop($exploded)));
			$temporaryFile->setFileSize($_FILES[$fileName]['size']);
			$temporaryFile->setOriginalFileName($this->truncateFileName($_FILES[$fileName]['name'], 127));
			$temporaryFile->setDateUploaded(Core::getCurrentDate());

			$temporaryFileDao->insertObject($temporaryFile);

			return $temporaryFile;

		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new temporary file from a submission file.
	 * @param $submissionFile object
	 * @param $userId int
	 * @return object The new TemporaryFile or false on failure
	 */
	function submissionToTemporaryFile($submissionFile, $userId) {
		// Get the file extension, then rename the file.
		$fileExtension = $this->parseFileExtension($submissionFile->getServerFileName());

		if (!$this->fileExists($this->filesDir, 'dir')) {
			// Try to create destination directory
			$this->mkdirtree($this->filesDir);
		}

		$newFileName = basename(tempnam($this->filesDir, $fileExtension));
		if (!$newFileName) return false;

		if (copy($submissionFile->getFilePath(), $this->filesDir . $newFileName)) {
			$temporaryFileDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('TemporaryFileDAO');
			$temporaryFile = $temporaryFileDao->newDataObject();

			$temporaryFile->setUserId($userId);
			$temporaryFile->setServerFileName($newFileName);
			$temporaryFile->setFileType($submissionFile->getFileType());
			$temporaryFile->setFileSize($submissionFile->getFileSize());
			$temporaryFile->setOriginalFileName($submissionFile->getOriginalFileName());
			$temporaryFile->setDateUploaded(Core::getCurrentDate());

			$temporaryFileDao->insertObject($temporaryFile);

			return $temporaryFile;

		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Perform periodic cleanup tasks. This is used to occasionally
	 * remove expired temporary files.
	 */
	function _performPeriodicCleanup() {
		if (time() % 100 == 0) {
			$temporaryFileDao = DAORegistry::getDAO('TemporaryFileDAO');
			$expiredFiles = $temporaryFileDao->getExpiredFiles();
			foreach ($expiredFiles as $expiredFile) {
				$this->deleteById($expiredFile->getId(), $expiredFile->getUserId());
			}
		}
	}
}

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