Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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<?php
/**
* @file classes/cache/GenericCache.inc.php
*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Simon Fraser University
* Copyright (c) 2000-2019 John Willinsky
* Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
*
* @class GenericCache
* @ingroup cache
*
* @brief Provides implementation-independent caching. Although this class is intended
* to be overridden with a more specific implementation, it can be used as the
* null cache.
*/
// Pseudotype to represent a cache miss
class generic_cache_miss {
}
class GenericCache {
/**
* The unique string identifying the context of this cache.
* Must be suitable for a filename.
*/
var $context;
/**
* The ID of this particular cache within the context
*/
var $cacheId;
var $cacheMiss;
/**
* The getter fallback callback (for a cache miss)
* This function is called with two parameters:
* 1. The cache object that is suffering a miss
* 2. The id of the value to fetch
* The function is responsible for loading data into the
* cache, using setEntireCache or setCache.
*/
var $fallback;
/**
* Instantiate a cache.
*/
function __construct($context, $cacheId, $fallback) {
$this->context = $context;
$this->cacheId = $cacheId;
$this->fallback = $fallback;
$this->cacheMiss = new generic_cache_miss;
}
/**
* Get an object from cache, using the fallback if necessary.
*/
function get($id) {
$result = $this->getCache($id);
if (is_object($result) && get_class($result) === 'generic_cache_miss') {
$result = call_user_func_array($this->fallback, array($this, $id));
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Set an object in the cache. This function should be overridden
* by subclasses.
*/
function set($id, $value) {
return $this->setCache($id, $value);
}
/**
* Flush the cache.
*/
function flush() {
}
/**
* Set the entire contents of the cache. May (should) be overridden
* by subclasses.
* @param $array array of id -> value pairs
*/
function setEntireCache($contents) {
$this->flush();
foreach ($contents as $id => $value) {
$this->setCache($id, $value);
}
}
/**
* Get an object from the cache. This function should be overridden
* by subclasses.
* @param $id
*/
function getCache($id) {
return $this->cacheMiss;
}
/**
* Set an object in the cache. This function should be overridden
* by subclasses.
* @param $id
* @param $value
*/
function setCache($id, $value) {
}
/**
* Close the cache. (Optionally overridden by subclasses.)
*/
function close() {
}
/**
* Get the context.
*/
function getContext() {
return $this->context;
}
/**
* Get the cache ID within its context
*/
function getCacheId() {
return $this->cacheId;
}
/**
* Get the time at which the data was cached.
*/
function getCacheTime() {
// Since it's not really cached, we'll consider it to have been cached just now.
return time();
}
}
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