Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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Current File : /etc/security/access.conf
# Login access control table.
#
# Comment line must start with "#", no space at front.
# Order of lines is important.
#
# When someone logs in, the table is scanned for the first entry that
# matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non-networked
# logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination.  The
# permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will
# be accepted or refused.
#
# Format of the login access control table is three fields separated by a
# ":" character:
#
# [Note, if you supply a 'fieldsep=|' argument to the pam_access.so
# module, you can change the field separation character to be
# '|'. This is useful for configurations where you are trying to use
# pam_access with X applications that provide PAM_TTY values that are
# the display variable like "host:0".]
#
# 	permission:users:origins
#
# The first field should be a "+" (access granted) or "-" (access denied)
# character.
#
# The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group
# names, or ALL (always matches). A pattern of the form user@host is
# matched when the login name matches the "user" part, and when the
# "host" part matches the local machine name.
#
# The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for
# non-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "."), host
# addresses, internet network numbers (end with "."), ALL (always
# matches), NONE (matches no tty on non-networked logins) or
# LOCAL (matches any string that does not contain a "." character).
#
# You can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns; this even works
# for @usergroup@@hostgroup patterns.
#
# The EXCEPT operator makes it possible to write very compact rules.
#
# The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the
# logged-in user. Both the user's primary group is matched, as well as
# groups in which users are explicitly listed.
# To avoid problems with accounts, which have the same name as a group,
# you can use brackets around group names '(group)' to differentiate.
# In this case, you should also set the "nodefgroup" option.
#
# TTY NAMES: Must be in the form returned by ttyname(3) less the initial
# "/dev" (e.g. tty1 or vc/1)
#
##############################################################################
#
# Disallow non-root logins on tty1
#
#-:ALL EXCEPT root:tty1
#
# Disallow console logins to all but a few accounts.
#
#-:ALL EXCEPT wheel shutdown sync:LOCAL
#
# Same, but make sure that really the group wheel and not the user
# wheel is used (use nodefgroup argument, too):
#
#-:ALL EXCEPT (wheel) shutdown sync:LOCAL
#
# Disallow non-local logins to privileged accounts (group wheel).
#
#-:wheel:ALL EXCEPT LOCAL .win.tue.nl
#
# Some accounts are not allowed to login from anywhere:
#
#-:wsbscaro wsbsecr wsbspac wsbsym wscosor wstaiwde:ALL
#
# All other accounts are allowed to login from anywhere.
#
##############################################################################
# All lines from here up to the end are building a more complex example.
##############################################################################
#
# User "root" should be allowed to get access via cron .. tty5 tty6.
#+:root:cron crond :0 tty1 tty2 tty3 tty4 tty5 tty6
#
# User "root" should be allowed to get access from hosts with ip addresses.
#+:root:192.168.200.1 192.168.200.4 192.168.200.9
#+:root:127.0.0.1
#
# User "root" should get access from network 192.168.201.
# This term will be evaluated by string matching.
# comment: It might be better to use network/netmask instead.
#          The same is 192.168.201.0/24 or 192.168.201.0/255.255.255.0
#+:root:192.168.201.
#
# User "root" should be able to have access from domain.
# Uses string matching also.
#+:root:.foo.bar.org
#
# User "root" should be denied to get access from all other sources.
#-:root:ALL
#
# User "foo" and members of netgroup "nis_group" should be
# allowed to get access from all sources.
# This will only work if netgroup service is available.
#+:@nis_group foo:ALL
#
# User "john" should get access from ipv4 net/mask
#+:john:127.0.0.0/24
#
# User "john" should get access from ipv4 as ipv6 net/mask
#+:john:::ffff:127.0.0.0/127
#
# User "john" should get access from ipv6 host address
#+:john:2001:4ca0:0:101::1
#
# User "john" should get access from ipv6 host address (same as above)
#+:john:2001:4ca0:0:101:0:0:0:1
#
# User "john" should get access from ipv6 net/mask
#+:john:2001:4ca0:0:101::/64
#
# All other users should be denied to get access from all sources.
#-:ALL:ALL

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