Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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#!/bin/sh
# Copyright (C) 2012, Canonical Group, Ltd.
#
# Author: Ben Howard <ben.howard@canonical.com>
# Author: Scott Moser <scott.moser@ubuntu.com>
# (c) 2012, Canonical Group, Ltd.
#
# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.
# Purpose: Detect invalid locale settings and inform the user
# of how to fix them.
locale_warn() {
command -v local >/dev/null && local _local="local" ||
typeset _local="typeset"
$_local bad_names="" bad_lcs="" key="" val="" var="" vars="" bad_kv=""
$_local w1 w2 w3 w4 remain
# if shell is zsh, act like sh only for this function (-L).
# The behavior change will not permenently affect user's shell.
[ "${ZSH_NAME+zsh}" = "zsh" ] && emulate -L sh
# locale is expected to output either:
# VARIABLE=
# VARIABLE="value"
# locale: Cannot set LC_SOMETHING to default locale
while read -r w1 w2 w3 w4 remain; do
case "$w1" in
locale:) bad_names="${bad_names} ${w4}";;
*)
key=${w1%%=*}
val=${w1#*=}
val=${val#\"}
val=${val%\"}
vars="${vars} $key=$val";;
esac
done
for bad in $bad_names; do
for var in ${vars}; do
[ "${bad}" = "${var%=*}" ] || continue
val=${var#*=}
[ "${bad_lcs#* ${val}}" = "${bad_lcs}" ] &&
bad_lcs="${bad_lcs} ${val}"
bad_kv="${bad_kv} $bad=$val"
break
done
done
bad_lcs=${bad_lcs# }
bad_kv=${bad_kv# }
[ -n "$bad_lcs" ] || return 0
printf "_____________________________________________________________________\n"
printf "WARNING! Your environment specifies an invalid locale.\n"
printf " The unknown environment variables are:\n %s\n" "$bad_kv"
printf " This can affect your user experience significantly, including the\n"
printf " ability to manage packages. You may install the locales by running:\n\n"
printf " sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales\n\n"
printf " and select the missing language. Alternatively, you can install the\n"
printf " locales-all package:\n\n"
printf " sudo apt-get install locales-all\n\n"
printf "To disable this message for all users, run:\n"
printf " sudo touch /var/lib/cloud/instance/locale-check.skip\n"
printf "_____________________________________________________________________\n\n"
# only show the message once
: > ~/.cloud-locale-test.skip 2>/dev/null || :
}
[ -f ~/.cloud-locale-test.skip -o -f /var/lib/cloud/instance/locale-check.skip ] ||
locale 2>&1 | locale_warn
unset locale_warn
# vi: ts=4 expandtab
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