Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
| Server IP : 103.175.217.176 / Your IP : 3.135.209.107 Web Server : Apache/2.4.62 (Debian) System : Linux bilfathvps 5.10.0-33-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.226-1 (2024-10-03) x86_64 User : root ( 0) PHP Version : 7.4.33 Disable Function : pcntl_alarm,pcntl_fork,pcntl_waitpid,pcntl_wait,pcntl_wifexited,pcntl_wifstopped,pcntl_wifsignaled,pcntl_wifcontinued,pcntl_wexitstatus,pcntl_wtermsig,pcntl_wstopsig,pcntl_signal,pcntl_signal_get_handler,pcntl_signal_dispatch,pcntl_get_last_error,pcntl_strerror,pcntl_sigprocmask,pcntl_sigwaitinfo,pcntl_sigtimedwait,pcntl_exec,pcntl_getpriority,pcntl_setpriority,pcntl_async_signals,pcntl_unshare, MySQL : OFF | cURL : ON | WGET : ON | Perl : ON | Python : OFF | Sudo : ON | Pkexec : ON Directory : /etc/init.d/ |
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#!/bin/sh -e
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: bind bind9
# Required-Start: $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs
# Should-Start: $network $syslog
# Should-Stop: $network $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start and stop BIND 9 Domain Name Server
# Description: BIND 9 is a Domain Name Server (DNS)
# which translates ip addresses to and from internet names
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
# for a chrooted server: "-u bind -t /var/lib/named"
# Don't modify this line, instead change or create /etc/default/named.
OPTIONS=""
RESOLVCONF=no
test -f /etc/default/named && . /etc/default/named
test -x /usr/sbin/rndc || exit 0
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
PIDFILE=/run/named/named.pid
check_network() {
result=0
if [ -x /usr/bin/uname ] && [ "X$(/usr/bin/uname -o)" = XSolaris ]; then
LIST_NICS_IP=$(/sbin/ifconfig -au) || result=$?
else
LIST_NICS_IP=$(/bin/ip addr) || result=$?
fi
if [ $result -ne 0 -o -z "${LIST_NICS_IP}" ]; then
#log_action_msg "No networks configured."
return 1
fi
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
log_daemon_msg "Starting domain name service..." "named"
modprobe capability >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
# dirs under /run can go away on reboots.
mkdir -p /run/named
chmod 775 /run/named
chown root:bind /run/named >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
if [ ! -x /usr/sbin/named ]; then
log_action_msg "named binary missing - not starting"
log_end_msg 1
fi
if ! check_network; then
log_action_msg "no networks configured"
log_end_msg 1
fi
if start-stop-daemon --start --oknodo --quiet --exec /usr/sbin/named \
--pidfile ${PIDFILE} -- $OPTIONS; then
if [ "X$RESOLVCONF" != "Xno" ] && [ -x /sbin/resolvconf ] ; then
echo "nameserver 127.0.0.1" | /sbin/resolvconf -a lo.named
fi
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
stop)
log_daemon_msg "Stopping domain name service..." "named"
if ! check_network; then
log_action_msg "no networks configured"
log_end_msg 1
fi
if [ "X$RESOLVCONF" != "Xno" ] && [ -x /sbin/resolvconf ] ; then
/sbin/resolvconf -d lo.named
fi
pid=$(/usr/sbin/rndc stop -p | awk '/^pid:/ {print $2}') || true
if [ -z "$pid" ]; then # no pid found, so either not running, or error
pid=$(pgrep -f ^/usr/sbin/named) || true
start-stop-daemon --stop --oknodo --quiet --exec /usr/sbin/named \
--pidfile ${PIDFILE} -- $OPTIONS
fi
if [ -n "$pid" ]; then
sig=0
n=1
while kill -$sig $pid 2>/dev/null; do
if [ $n -eq 1 ]; then
echo "waiting for pid $pid to die"
fi
if [ $n -eq 11 ]; then
echo "giving up on pid $pid with kill -0; trying -9"
sig=9
fi
if [ $n -gt 20 ]; then
echo "giving up on pid $pid"
break
fi
n=$(($n+1))
sleep 1
done
fi
log_end_msg 0
;;
reload|force-reload)
log_daemon_msg "Reloading domain name service..." "named"
if ! check_network; then
log_action_msg "no networks configured"
log_end_msg 1
fi
/usr/sbin/rndc reload >/dev/null && log_end_msg 0 || log_end_msg 1
;;
restart)
if ! check_network; then
log_action_msg "no networks configured"
exit 1
fi
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
status)
ret=0
status_of_proc -p ${PIDFILE} /usr/sbin/named bind 2>/dev/null || ret=$?
exit $ret
;;
*)
log_action_msg "Usage: /etc/init.d/named {start|stop|reload|restart|force-reload|status}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
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