Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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Current File : /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.chronyd
# Last Modified: Sat Jan 20 10:45:05 2018
#include <tunables/global>

/usr/sbin/chronyd flags=(attach_disconnected) {
  #include <abstractions/base>
  #include <abstractions/nameservice>

  # For /run/chrony to be created
  capability chown,

  # Give “root” the ability to read and write the PID file
  capability dac_override,
  capability dac_read_search,

  # Needed to support HW timestamping
  capability net_admin,

  # Needed to allow NTP server sockets to be bound to a privileged port
  capability net_bind_service,

  # Needed to allow an NTP socket to be bound to a device using the
  # SO_BINDTODEVICE socket option on kernels before 5.7
  capability net_raw,

  # Needed to drop privileges
  capability setgid,
  capability setuid,

  # Needed to set the SCHED_FIFO real-time scheduler at the specified priority
  # using the '-P' option
  capability sys_nice,

  # Needed to lock chronyd into RAM
  capability sys_resource,

  # Needed to set the system/real-time clock
  capability sys_time,

  /usr/sbin/chronyd mr,

  /etc/chrony/{,**} r,
  /var/lib/chrony/{,*} rw,
  /var/log/chrony/{,*} rw,
  @{run}/chrony/{,*} rw,
  @{run}/chrony-dhcp/{,*} r,

  # Using the “tempcomp” directive gives chronyd the ability to improve
  # the stability and accuracy of the clock by compensating the temperature
  # changes measured by a sensor close to the oscillator.
  @{sys}/class/hwmon/hwmon[0-9]*/temp[0-9]*_input r,
  @{sys}/devices/virtual/thermal/thermal_zone[0-9]*/hwmon[0-9]*/temp[0-9]*_input r,

  # Support all paths suggested in the man page (LP: #1771028). Assume these
  # are common use cases; others should be set as local include (see below).
  # Configs using a 'chrony.' prefix like the tempcomp config file example
  /etc/chrony.* r,
  # Example gpsd socket is outside @{run}/chrony/
  @{run}/chrony.tty{,*}.sock rw,
  # To sign replies to MS-SNTP clients by the smbd daemon
  /var/lib/samba/ntp_signd/socket rw,

  # rtc
  /etc/adjtime r,
  /dev/rtc{,[0-9]*} rw,

  # gps devices
  /dev/pps[0-9]* rw,
  /dev/ptp[0-9]* rw,

  # Allow reading the chronyd configuration file that timemaster(8) generates
  @{run}/timemaster/chrony.conf r,

  # For use with clocks that report via shared memory (e.g. gpsd),
  # you may need to give ntpd access to all of shared memory, though
  # this can be considered dangerous. See https://launchpad.net/bugs/722815
  # for details. To enable, add this to local/usr.sbin.chronyd:
  #     capability ipc_owner,

  # Site-specific additions and overrides. See local/README for details.
  #include <local/usr.sbin.chronyd>
}

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