Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Keywords:
Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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# Magic data for mod_mime_magic (originally for file(1) command)
#
# The format is 4-5 columns:
# Column #1: byte number to begin checking from, ">" indicates continuation
# Column #2: type of data to match
# Column #3: contents of data to match
# Column #4: MIME type of result
# Column #5: MIME encoding of result (optional)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Localstuff: file(1) magic for locally observed files
# Add any locally observed files here.
# Real Audio (Magic .ra\0375)
0 belong 0x2e7261fd audio/x-pn-realaudio
0 string .RMF application/vnd.rn-realmedia
#video/x-pn-realvideo
#video/vnd.rn-realvideo
#application/vnd.rn-realmedia
# sigh, there are many mimes for that but the above are the most common.
# Taken from magic, converted to magic.mime
# mime types according to http://www.geocities.com/nevilo/mod.htm:
# audio/it .it
# audio/x-zipped-it .itz
# audio/xm fasttracker modules
# audio/x-s3m screamtracker modules
# audio/s3m screamtracker modules
# audio/x-zipped-mod mdz
# audio/mod mod
# audio/x-mod All modules (mod, s3m, 669, mtm, med, xm, it, mdz, stm, itz, xmz, s3z)
# Taken from loader code from mikmod version 2.14
# by Steve McIntyre (stevem@chiark.greenend.org.uk)
# <doj@cubic.org> added title printing on 2003-06-24
0 string MAS_UTrack_V00
>14 string >/0 audio/x-mod
#audio/x-tracker-module
#0 string UN05 MikMod UNI format module sound data
0 string Extended\ Module: audio/x-mod
#audio/x-tracker-module
##>17 string >\0 Title: "%s"
21 string/c \!SCREAM! audio/x-mod
#audio/x-screamtracker-module
21 string BMOD2STM audio/x-mod
#audio/x-screamtracker-module
1080 string M.K. audio/x-mod
#audio/x-protracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string M!K! audio/x-mod
#audio/x-protracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string FLT4 audio/x-mod
#audio/x-startracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string FLT8 audio/x-mod
#audio/x-startracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string 4CHN audio/x-mod
#audio/x-fasttracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string 6CHN audio/x-mod
#audio/x-fasttracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string 8CHN audio/x-mod
#audio/x-fasttracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string CD81 audio/x-mod
#audio/x-oktalyzer-tracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string OKTA audio/x-mod
#audio/x-oktalyzer-tracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
# Not good enough.
#1082 string CH
#>1080 string >/0 %.2s-channel Fasttracker "oktalyzer" module sound data
1080 string 16CN audio/x-mod
#audio/x-taketracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
1080 string 32CN audio/x-mod
#audio/x-taketracker-module
#>0 string >\0 Title: "%s"
# Impuse tracker module (it)
0 string IMPM audio/x-mod
#>4 string >\0 "%s"
#>40 leshort !0 compatible w/ITv%x
#>42 leshort !0 created w/ITv%x
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# end local stuff
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# xml based formats!
# svg
0 string \<?xml
# text/xml
>38 string \<\!DOCTYPE\040svg image/svg+xml
# xml
0 string \<?xml text/xml
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Java
0 short 0xcafe
>2 short 0xbabe application/java
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# audio: file(1) magic for sound formats
#
# from Jan Nicolai Langfeldt <janl@ifi.uio.no>,
#
# Sun/NeXT audio data
0 string .snd
>12 belong 1 audio/basic
>12 belong 2 audio/basic
>12 belong 3 audio/basic
>12 belong 4 audio/basic
>12 belong 5 audio/basic
>12 belong 6 audio/basic
>12 belong 7 audio/basic
>12 belong 23 audio/x-adpcm
# DEC systems (e.g. DECstation 5000) use a variant of the Sun/NeXT format
# that uses little-endian encoding and has a different magic number
# (0x0064732E in little-endian encoding).
0 lelong 0x0064732E
>12 lelong 1 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 2 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 3 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 4 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 5 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 6 audio/x-dec-basic
>12 lelong 7 audio/x-dec-basic
# compressed (G.721 ADPCM)
>12 lelong 23 audio/x-dec-adpcm
# Bytes 0-3 of AIFF, AIFF-C, & 8SVX audio files are "FORM"
# AIFF audio data
8 string AIFF audio/x-aiff
# AIFF-C audio data
8 string AIFC audio/x-aiff
# IFF/8SVX audio data
8 string 8SVX audio/x-aiff
# Creative Labs AUDIO stuff
# Standard MIDI data
0 string MThd audio/unknown
#>9 byte >0 (format %d)
#>11 byte >1 using %d channels
# Creative Music (CMF) data
0 string CTMF audio/unknown
# SoundBlaster instrument data
0 string SBI audio/unknown
# Creative Labs voice data
0 string Creative\ Voice\ File audio/unknown
## is this next line right? it came this way...
#>19 byte 0x1A
#>23 byte >0 - version %d
#>22 byte >0 \b.%d
# [GRR 950115: is this also Creative Labs? Guessing that first line
# should be string instead of unknown-endian long...]
#0 long 0x4e54524b MultiTrack sound data
#0 string NTRK MultiTrack sound data
#>4 long x - version %ld
# Microsoft WAVE format (*.wav)
# [GRR 950115: probably all of the shorts and longs should be leshort/lelong]
# Microsoft RIFF
0 string RIFF
# - WAVE format
>8 string WAVE audio/x-wav
>8 string/B AVI video/x-msvideo
#
>8 string CDRA image/x-coreldraw
# AAC (aka MPEG-2 NBC)
0 beshort&0xfff6 0xfff0 audio/X-HX-AAC-ADTS
0 string ADIF audio/X-HX-AAC-ADIF
0 beshort&0xffe0 0x56e0 audio/MP4A-LATM
0 beshort 0x4De1 audio/MP4A-LATM
# MPEG Layer 3 sound files
0 beshort&0xfffe =0xfffa audio/mpeg
#MP3 with ID3 tag
0 string ID3 audio/mpeg
# Ogg/Vorbis
0 string OggS application/ogg
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# c-lang: file(1) magic for C programs or various scripts
#
# XPM icons (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
# ideally should go into "images", but entries below would tag XPM as C source
0 string /*\ XPM image/x-xpmi 7bit
# 3DS (3d Studio files)
#16 beshort 0x3d3d image/x-3ds
# this first will upset you if you're a PL/1 shop... (are there any left?)
# in which case rm it; ascmagic will catch real C programs
# C or REXX program text
#0 string /* text/x-c
# C++ program text
#0 string // text/x-c++
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# commands: file(1) magic for various shells and interpreters
#
#0 string :\ shell archive or commands for antique kernel text
0 string #!/bin/sh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /bin/sh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/bin/csh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /bin/csh application/x-shellscript
# korn shell magic, sent by George Wu, gwu@clyde.att.com
0 string #!/bin/ksh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /bin/ksh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/bin/tcsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /bin/tcsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/local/tcsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /usr/local/tcsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/tcsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/tcsh application/x-shellscript
# bash shell magic, from Peter Tobias (tobias@server.et-inf.fho-emden.de)
0 string #!/bin/bash application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /bin/bash application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/bash application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/bash application/x-shellscript
#
# zsh/ash/ae/nawk/gawk magic from cameron@cs.unsw.oz.au (Cameron Simpson)
0 string #!/bin/zsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/bin/zsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/zsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/zsh application/x-shellscript
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/ash application/x-shellscript
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/ash application/x-shellscript
#0 string #!/usr/local/bin/ae Neil Brown's ae
#0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/ae Neil Brown's ae
0 string #!/bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!\ /bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!/usr/bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!\ /usr/bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/nawk application/x-nawk
0 string #!/bin/gawk application/x-gawk
0 string #!\ /bin/gawk application/x-gawk
0 string #!/usr/bin/gawk application/x-gawk
0 string #!\ /usr/bin/gawk application/x-gawk
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/gawk application/x-gawk
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/gawk application/x-gawk
#
0 string #!/bin/awk application/x-awk
0 string #!\ /bin/awk application/x-awk
0 string #!/usr/bin/awk application/x-awk
0 string #!\ /usr/bin/awk application/x-awk
# update to distinguish from *.vcf files by Joerg Jenderek: joerg dot jenderek at web dot de
#0 regex BEGIN[[:space:]]*[{] application/x-awk
# For Larry Wall's perl language. The ``eval'' line recognizes an
# outrageously clever hack for USG systems.
# Keith Waclena <keith@cerberus.uchicago.edu>
0 string #!/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string #!\ /bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string eval\ "exec\ /bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string #!/usr/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string #!\ /usr/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string eval\ "exec\ /usr/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string #!/usr/local/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string #!\ /usr/local/bin/perl application/x-perl
0 string eval\ "exec\ /usr/local/bin/perl application/x-perl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# compress: file(1) magic for pure-compression formats (no archives)
#
# compress, gzip, pack, compact, huf, squeeze, crunch, freeze, yabba, whap, etc.
#
# Formats for various forms of compressed data
# Formats for "compress" proper have been moved into "compress.c",
# because it tries to uncompress it to figure out what's inside.
# standard unix compress
#0 string \037\235 application/x-compress
# gzip (GNU zip, not to be confused with [Info-ZIP/PKWARE] zip archiver)
#0 string \037\213 application/x-gzip
0 string PK\003\004 application/x-zip
# RAR archiver (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
0 string Rar! application/x-rar
# According to gzip.h, this is the correct byte order for packed data.
0 string \037\036 application/octet-stream
#
# This magic number is byte-order-independent.
#
0 short 017437 application/octet-stream
# XXX - why *two* entries for "compacted data", one of which is
# byte-order independent, and one of which is byte-order dependent?
#
# compacted data
0 short 0x1fff application/octet-stream
0 string \377\037 application/octet-stream
# huf output
0 short 0145405 application/octet-stream
# Squeeze and Crunch...
# These numbers were gleaned from the Unix versions of the programs to
# handle these formats. Note that I can only uncrunch, not crunch, and
# I didn't have a crunched file handy, so the crunch number is untested.
# Keith Waclena <keith@cerberus.uchicago.edu>
#0 leshort 0x76FF squeezed data (CP/M, DOS)
#0 leshort 0x76FE crunched data (CP/M, DOS)
# Freeze
#0 string \037\237 Frozen file 2.1
#0 string \037\236 Frozen file 1.0 (or gzip 0.5)
# lzh?
#0 string \037\240 LZH compressed data
257 string ustar\0 application/x-tar posix
257 string ustar\040\040\0 application/x-tar gnu
0 short 070707 application/x-cpio
0 short 0143561 application/x-cpio swapped
0 string =<ar> application/x-archive
0 string \!<arch> application/x-archive
>8 string debian application/x-debian-package
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# RPM: file(1) magic for Red Hat Packages Erik Troan (ewt@redhat.com)
#
0 beshort 0xedab
>2 beshort 0xeedb application/x-rpm
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000081a application/x-arc lzw
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000091a application/x-arc squashed
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000021a application/x-arc uncompressed
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000031a application/x-arc packed
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000041a application/x-arc squeezed
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000061a application/x-arc crunched
0 leshort 0xea60 application/x-arj
# LHARC/LHA archiver (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
2 string -lh0- application/x-lharc lh0
2 string -lh1- application/x-lharc lh1
2 string -lz4- application/x-lharc lz4
2 string -lz5- application/x-lharc lz5
# [never seen any but the last; -lh4- reported in comp.compression:]
2 string -lzs- application/x-lha lzs
2 string -lh\ - application/x-lha lh
2 string -lhd- application/x-lha lhd
2 string -lh2- application/x-lha lh2
2 string -lh3- application/x-lha lh3
2 string -lh4- application/x-lha lh4
2 string -lh5- application/x-lha lh5
2 string -lh6- application/x-lha lh6
2 string -lh7- application/x-lha lh7
# Shell archives
10 string #\ This\ is\ a\ shell\ archive application/octet-stream x-shell
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# frame: file(1) magic for FrameMaker files
#
# This stuff came on a FrameMaker demo tape, most of which is
# copyright, but this file is "published" as witness the following:
#
0 string \<MakerFile application/x-frame
0 string \<MIFFile application/x-frame
0 string \<MakerDictionary application/x-frame
0 string \<MakerScreenFon application/x-frame
0 string \<MML application/x-frame
0 string \<Book application/x-frame
0 string \<Maker application/x-frame
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# html: file(1) magic for HTML (HyperText Markup Language) docs
#
# from Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@yggdrasil.com>
#
0 string/cB \<!DOCTYPE\ html text/html
0 string/cb \<head text/html
0 string/cb \<title text/html
0 string/bc \<html text/html
0 string \<!-- text/html
0 string/c \<h1 text/html
0 string \<?xml text/xml
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# images: file(1) magic for image formats (see also "c-lang" for XPM bitmaps)
#
# originally from jef@helios.ee.lbl.gov (Jef Poskanzer),
# additions by janl@ifi.uio.no as well as others. Jan also suggested
# merging several one- and two-line files into here.
#
# XXX - byte order for GIF and TIFF fields?
# [GRR: TIFF allows both byte orders; GIF is probably little-endian]
#
# [GRR: what the hell is this doing in here?]
#0 string xbtoa btoa'd file
# PBMPLUS
# PBM file
0 string P1 image/x-portable-bitmap 7bit
# PGM file
0 string P2 image/x-portable-greymap 7bit
# PPM file
0 string P3 image/x-portable-pixmap 7bit
# PBM "rawbits" file
0 string P4 image/x-portable-bitmap
# PGM "rawbits" file
0 string P5 image/x-portable-greymap
# PPM "rawbits" file
0 string P6 image/x-portable-pixmap
# NIFF (Navy Interchange File Format, a modification of TIFF)
# [GRR: this *must* go before TIFF]
0 string IIN1 image/x-niff
# TIFF and friends
# TIFF file, big-endian
0 string MM image/tiff
# TIFF file, little-endian
0 string II image/tiff
# possible GIF replacements; none yet released!
# (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
#
# GRR 950115: this was mine ("Zip GIF"):
# ZIF image (GIF+deflate alpha)
0 string GIF94z image/unknown
#
# GRR 950115: this is Jeremy Wohl's Free Graphics Format (better):
# FGF image (GIF+deflate beta)
0 string FGF95a image/unknown
#
# GRR 950115: this is Thomas Boutell's Portable Bitmap Format proposal
# (best; not yet implemented):
# PBF image (deflate compression)
0 string PBF image/unknown
# GIF
0 string GIF image/gif
# JPEG images
0 beshort 0xffd8 image/jpeg
# PC bitmaps (OS/2, Windoze BMP files) (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
0 string BM image/x-ms-bmp
#>14 byte 12 (OS/2 1.x format)
#>14 byte 64 (OS/2 2.x format)
#>14 byte 40 (Windows 3.x format)
#0 string IC icon
#0 string PI pointer
#0 string CI color icon
#0 string CP color pointer
#0 string BA bitmap array
# CDROM Filesystems
32769 string CD001 application/x-iso9660
# Newer StuffIt archives (grant@netbsd.org)
0 string StuffIt application/x-stuffit
#>162 string >0 : %s
# BinHex is the Macintosh ASCII-encoded file format (see also "apple")
# Daniel Quinlan, quinlan@yggdrasil.com
11 string must\ be\ converted\ with\ BinHex\ 4 application/mac-binhex40
##>41 string x \b, version %.3s
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# lisp: file(1) magic for lisp programs
#
# various lisp types, from Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com)
0 string ;; text/plain 8bit
# Emacs 18 - this is always correct, but not very magical.
0 string \012( application/x-elc
# Emacs 19
0 string ;ELC\023\000\000\000 application/x-elc
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# mail.news: file(1) magic for mail and news
#
# There are tests to ascmagic.c to cope with mail and news.
0 string Relay-Version: message/rfc822 7bit
0 string #!\ rnews message/rfc822 7bit
0 string N#!\ rnews message/rfc822 7bit
0 string Forward\ to message/rfc822 7bit
0 string Pipe\ to message/rfc822 7bit
0 string Return-Path: message/rfc822 7bit
0 string Received: message/rfc822
0 string Path: message/news 8bit
0 string Xref: message/news 8bit
0 string From: message/rfc822 7bit
0 string Article message/news 8bit
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# msword: file(1) magic for MS Word files
#
# Contributor claims:
# Reversed-engineered MS Word magic numbers
#
0 string \376\067\0\043 application/msword
0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261 application/msword
0 string \333\245-\0\0\0 application/msword
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# printer: file(1) magic for printer-formatted files
#
# PostScript
0 string %! application/postscript
0 string \004%! application/postscript
# Acrobat
# (due to clamen@cs.cmu.edu)
0 string %PDF- application/pdf
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# sc: file(1) magic for "sc" spreadsheet
#
38 string Spreadsheet application/x-sc
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# tex: file(1) magic for TeX files
#
# XXX - needs byte-endian stuff (big-endian and little-endian DVI?)
#
# From <conklin@talisman.kaleida.com>
# Although we may know the offset of certain text fields in TeX DVI
# and font files, we can't use them reliably because they are not
# zero terminated. [but we do anyway, christos]
0 string \367\002 application/x-dvi
#0 string \367\203 TeX generic font data
#0 string \367\131 TeX packed font data
#0 string \367\312 TeX virtual font data
#0 string This\ is\ TeX, TeX transcript text
#0 string This\ is\ METAFONT, METAFONT transcript text
# There is no way to detect TeX Font Metric (*.tfm) files without
# breaking them apart and reading the data. The following patterns
# match most *.tfm files generated by METAFONT or afm2tfm.
2 string \000\021 application/x-tex-tfm
2 string \000\022 application/x-tex-tfm
#>34 string >\0 (%s)
# Texinfo and GNU Info, from Daniel Quinlan (quinlan@yggdrasil.com)
0 string \\input\ texinfo text/x-texinfo
0 string This\ is\ Info\ file text/x-info
# correct TeX magic for Linux (and maybe more)
# from Peter Tobias (tobias@server.et-inf.fho-emden.de)
#
0 leshort 0x02f7 application/x-dvi
# RTF - Rich Text Format
0 string {\\rtf text/rtf
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# animation: file(1) magic for animation/movie formats
#
# animation formats, originally from vax@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (VaX#n8)
# MPEG file
# MPEG sequences
0 belong 0x000001BA
>4 byte &0x40 video/mp2p
>4 byte ^0x40 video/mpeg
0 belong 0x000001BB video/mpeg
0 belong 0x000001B0 video/mp4v-es
0 belong 0x000001B5 video/mp4v-es
0 belong 0x000001B3 video/mpv
0 belong&0xFF5FFF1F 0x47400010 video/mp2t
0 belong 0x00000001
>4 byte&0x1F 0x07 video/h264
# FLI animation format
0 leshort 0xAF11 video/fli
# FLC animation format
0 leshort 0xAF12 video/flc
#
# SGI and Apple formats
# Added ISO mimes
0 string MOVI video/sgi
4 string moov video/quicktime
4 string mdat video/quicktime
4 string wide video/quicktime
4 string skip video/quicktime
4 string free video/quicktime
4 string idsc image/x-quicktime
4 string idat image/x-quicktime
4 string pckg application/x-quicktime
4 string/B jP image/jp2
4 string ftyp
>8 string isom video/mp4
>8 string mp41 video/mp4
>8 string mp42 video/mp4
>8 string/B jp2 image/jp2
>8 string 3gp video/3gpp
>8 string avc1 video/3gpp
>8 string mmp4 video/mp4
>8 string/B M4A audio/mp4
>8 string/B qt video/quicktime
# The contributor claims:
# I couldn't find a real magic number for these, however, this
# -appears- to work. Note that it might catch other files, too,
# so BE CAREFUL!
#
# Note that title and author appear in the two 20-byte chunks
# at decimal offsets 2 and 22, respectively, but they are XOR'ed with
# 255 (hex FF)! DL format SUCKS BIG ROCKS.
#
# DL file version 1 , medium format (160x100, 4 images/screen)
0 byte 1 video/unknown
0 byte 2 video/unknown
#
# Databases
#
# GDBM magic numbers
# Will be maintained as part of the GDBM distribution in the future.
# <downsj@teeny.org>
0 belong 0x13579ace application/x-gdbm
0 lelong 0x13579ace application/x-gdbm
0 string GDBM application/x-gdbm
#
0 belong 0x061561 application/x-dbm
#
# Executables
#
0 string \177ELF
>16 leshort 0 application/octet-stream
>16 leshort 1 application/x-object
>16 leshort 2 application/x-executable
>16 leshort 3 application/x-sharedlib
>16 leshort 4 application/x-coredump
>16 beshort 0 application/octet-stream
>16 beshort 1 application/x-object
>16 beshort 2 application/x-executable
>16 beshort 3 application/x-sharedlib
>16 beshort 4 application/x-coredump
#
# DOS
0 string MZ application/x-dosexec
#
# KDE
0 string [KDE\ Desktop\ Entry] application/x-kdelnk
0 string \#\ KDE\ Config\ File application/x-kdelnk
# xmcd database file for kscd
0 string \#\ xmcd text/xmcd
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# pkgadd: file(1) magic for SysV R4 PKG Datastreams
#
0 string #\ PaCkAgE\ DaTaStReAm application/x-svr4-package
#PNG Image Format
0 string \x89PNG image/png
# MNG Video Format, <URL:http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/spec/>
0 string \x8aMNG video/x-mng
0 string \x8aJNG video/x-jng
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Hierarchical Data Format, used to facilitate scientific data exchange
# specifications at http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/
#Hierarchical Data Format (version 4) data
0 belong 0x0e031301 application/x-hdf
#Hierarchical Data Format (version 5) data
0 string \211HDF\r\n\032 application/x-hdf
# Adobe Photoshop
0 string 8BPS image/x-photoshop
# Felix von Leitner <felix-file@fefe.de>
0 string d8:announce application/x-bittorrent
# lotus 1-2-3 document
0 belong 0x00001a00 application/x-123
0 belong 0x00000200 application/x-123
# MS Access database
4 string Standard\ Jet\ DB application/msaccess
## magic for XBase files
#0 byte 0x02
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x03
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x04
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x05
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x30
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x43
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x7b
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x83
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x8b
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0x8e
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0xb3
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 byte 0xf5
#>8 leshort >0
#>>12 leshort 0 application/x-dbf
#
#0 leshort 0x0006 application/x-dbt
# Debian has entries for the old PGP formats:
# pgp: file(1) magic for Pretty Good Privacy
# see http://lists.gnupg.org/pipermail/gnupg-devel/1999-September/016052.html
#text/PGP key public ring
0 beshort 0x9900 application/pgp
#text/PGP key security ring
0 beshort 0x9501 application/pgp
#text/PGP key security ring
0 beshort 0x9500 application/pgp
#text/PGP encrypted data
0 beshort 0xa600 application/pgp-encrypted
#text/PGP armored data
##public key block
2 string ---BEGIN\ PGP\ PUBLIC\ KEY\ BLOCK- application/pgp-keys
0 string -----BEGIN\040PGP\40MESSAGE- application/pgp
0 string -----BEGIN\040PGP\40SIGNATURE- application/pgp-signature
#
# GnuPG Magic:
#
#
#text/GnuPG key public ring
0 beshort 0x9901 application/pgp
#text/OpenPGP data
0 beshort 0x8501 application/pgp-encrypted
# flash: file(1) magic for Macromedia Flash file format
#
# See
#
# http://www.macromedia.com/software/flash/open/
#
0 string FWS
>3 byte x application/x-shockwave-flash
# The following paramaters are created for Namazu.
# <http://www.namazu.org/>
#
# 1999/08/13
#0 string \<!--\ MHonArc text/html; x-type=mhonarc
0 string BZh application/x-bzip2
# 1999/09/09
# VRML (suggested by Masao Takaku)
0 string #VRML\ V1.0\ ascii model/vrml
0 string #VRML\ V2.0\ utf8 model/vrml
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ichitaro456: file(1) magic for Just System Word Processor Ichitaro
#
# Contributor kenzo-:
# Reversed-engineered JS Ichitaro magic numbers
#
0 string DOC
>43 byte 0x14 application/ichitaro4
>144 string JDASH application/ichitaro4
0 string DOC
>43 byte 0x15 application/ichitaro5
0 string DOC
>43 byte 0x16 application/ichitaro6
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# office97: file(1) magic for MicroSoft Office files
#
# Contributor kenzo-:
# Reversed-engineered MS Office magic numbers
#
#0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261\032\341
#>48 byte 0x1B application/excel
2080 string Microsoft\ Excel\ 5.0\ Worksheet application/excel
2114 string Biff5 application/excel
0 string \224\246\056 application/msword
0 belong 0x31be0000 application/msword
0 string PO^Q` application/msword
0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261\032\341
>546 string bjbj application/msword
>546 string jbjb application/msword
512 string R\0o\0o\0t\0\ \0E\0n\0t\0r\0y application/msword
2080 string Microsoft\ Word\ 6.0\ Document application/msword
2080 string Documento\ Microsoft\ Word\ 6 application/msword
2112 string MSWordDoc application/msword
#0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261\032\341 application/powerpoint
0 string \320\317\021\340\241\261\032\341 application/msword
0 string #\ PaCkAgE\ DaTaStReAm application/x-svr4-package
# WinNT/WinCE PE files (Warner Losh, imp@village.org)
#
128 string PE\000\000 application/octet-stream
0 string PE\000\000 application/octet-stream
# miscellaneous formats
0 string LZ application/octet-stream
# .EXE formats (Greg Roelofs, newt@uchicago.edu)
#
0 string MZ
>24 string @ application/octet-stream
0 string MZ
>30 string Copyright\ 1989-1990\ PKWARE\ Inc. application/x-zip
0 string MZ
>30 string PKLITE\ Copr. application/x-zip
0 string MZ
>36 string LHa's\ SFX application/x-lha
0 string MZ application/octet-stream
# LHA archiver
2 string -lh
>6 string - application/x-lha
# Zoo archiver
20 lelong 0xfdc4a7dc application/x-zoo
# ARC archiver
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000081a application/x-arc
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000091a application/x-arc
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000021a application/x-arc
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000031a application/x-arc
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000041a application/x-arc
0 lelong&0x8080ffff 0x0000061a application/x-arc
# Microsoft Outlook's Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF)
0 lelong 0x223e9f78 application/ms-tnef
# From: stephane.loeuillet@tiscali.f
# http://www.djvuzone.org/
0 string AT&TFORM image/x.djvu
# Danny Milosavljevic <danny.milo@gmx.net>
# this are adrift (adventure game standard) game files, extension .taf
# depending on version magic continues with 0x93453E6139FA (V 4.0)
# 0x9445376139FA (V 3.90)
# 0x9445366139FA (V 3.80)
# this is from source (http://www.adrift.org.uk/) and I have some taf
# files, and checked them.
#0 belong 0x3C423FC9
#>4 belong 0x6A87C2CF application/x-adrift
#0 string \000\000\001\000 image/x-ico
# Quark Xpress 3 Files:
# (made the mimetype up)
0 string \0\0MMXPR3\0 application/x-quark-xpress-3
# EET archive
# From: Tilman Sauerbeck <tilman@code-monkey.de>
0 belong 0x1ee7ff00 application/x-eet
# From: Denis Knauf, via gentoo.
0 string fLaC audio/x-flac
0 string CWS application/x-shockwave-flash
# Gnumeric spreadsheet
# This entry is only semi-helpful, as Gnumeric compresses its files, so
# they will ordinarily reported as "compressed", but at least -z helps
39 string =<gmr:Workbook application/x-gnumeric
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