Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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Current File : /bin/debconf-set-selections
#!/usr/bin/perl
# This file was preprocessed, do not edit!


sub usage {
	print STDERR <<EOF;
Usage: debconf-set-selections [-vcu] [file]
  -v, --verbose     verbose output
  -c, --checkonly   only check the input file format
  -u, --unseen      do not set the 'seen' flag when preseeding values
EOF
	exit(1);
}


use warnings;
use strict;
use Debconf::Db;
use Debconf::Template;
use Getopt::Long;

use vars qw(%opts $filename $debug $error $checkonly $unseen);

sub info {
	my $msg = shift;
	print STDERR "info: $msg\n" if $debug;
}

sub warning {
	my $msg = shift;
	print STDERR "warning: $msg\n";
}

sub error {
	my $msg = shift;
	print STDERR "error: $msg\n";
	$error++
}

sub load_answer {
	my ($owner, $label, $type, $content) = @_;
	
	info "Loading answer for '$label'";

	my $template=Debconf::Template->get($label);
	if (! $template) {
		$template=Debconf::Template->new($label, $owner, $type);
		$template->description("Dummy template");
		$template->extended_description("This is a fake template used to pre-seed the debconf database. If you are seeing this, something is probably wrong.");
	}
	$template->type($type);
	
	my $question=Debconf::Question->get($label);
	if (! $question) {
		error("Cannot find a question for $label");
		return;
	}
	$question->addowner($owner, $type);
	$question->value($content);
	if (! $unseen) {
		$question->flag("seen", "true");
	}
}

sub set_flag {
	my ($owner, $label, $flag, $content) = @_;

	info "Setting $flag flag";

	my $question=Debconf::Question->get($label);
	if (! $question) {
		error("Cannot find a question for $label");
		return;
	}
	$question->flag($flag, $content);
}

my @knowntypes = qw(select boolean string multiselect note password text title);
my @knownflags = qw(seen);

sub ok_format {
	my ($owner, $label, $type, $content) = @_;
	if (! defined $owner || ! defined $label || ! defined $content) {
		error "parse error on line $.: '$_'";
		return;
	}
	elsif (! grep { $_ eq $type } @knowntypes, @knownflags) {
		warning "Unknown type $type, skipping line $.";
		return;
	}
	else {
		return 1;
	}
}

sub mungeline ($) {
	my $line=shift;
	chomp $line;
	$line=~s/\r$//;
	return $line;
}


GetOptions(
	"verbose|v" => \$debug,
	"checkonly|c" => \$checkonly,
	"unseen|u" => \$unseen,
) || usage();

Debconf::Db->load;

$error = 0;

while (<>) {
	$_=mungeline($_);
	while (/\\$/ && ! eof) {
		s/\\$//;
		$_.=mungeline(<>);
	}
	next if /^\s*$/ || /^\s*\#/;
	my ($owner, $label, $type, $content) = /^\s*(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)(?:\s(.*))?/;
	if (! defined $content) {
		$content='';
	}
	if (ok_format($owner, $label, $type, $content)) {
		if (grep { $_ eq $type } @knownflags) {
			info "Trying to set '$type' flag to '$content'";
			set_flag($owner, $label, $type, $content);
		}
		else {
			info "Trying to set '$label' [$type] to '$content'";
			load_answer($owner, $label, $type, $content);
		}
	}
}

if (! $checkonly) {
	Debconf::Db->save;
}

if ($error) {
	exit 1;
}

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